Do you need help with housing?
”Do you need help with housing?” in Kinatuinamot Illengajuk Magazine, Spring 1993 , OKâlaKatiget Society, 1993.
An advertisment for housing assistance by the Newfoundland and Labrador Housing Corporation appears in the spring 1993 issue of Kinatuinamot Illengajuk Magazine. Since 1967 the NLHC has been responsible for the provision of housing in the region. The ad includes Inuktitut and Innu translations.
Nuvisavik: The Place Where We Weave
Nuvisavik: The Place Where We Weave, edited by Maria Von Finkenstein. University of Washington Press, 2002.
Nuvisavik portrays scenes of life as illustrated by a group of women from Pangnirtung in 1970 through woven tapestries. Imagery of life at camp and of being on the land show multiple ideas of home in the north and how they are changing in the eyes of these artists and elders.
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, Vol. 34, No.4
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, vol. 34, no.4., editor Aimee Chaulk. Blackmore Printing, 2010.
This edition of Them Days published in Happy-Valley Goose Bay, Labrador contains interviews and stories recounted by residents of Nain, Labrador about the relationship between the Inuktitut language and how Inuit view their identity, culture, history, and connection to the land.
Front cover: Inuk woman with toddler in sealskin coat. Okak, c. 1900. Dorothy Smith collection.
Kasudluak Encyclopedia
Peter Kasudluak, Kasudluak Encyclopedia, vol.1. Avataq Cultural Institute, 1999.
An illustrated encyclopedia of Inuit life and cultural traditions written in Inuktitut. The encyclopedia is based on the notebooks of Peter Kasudluak (1906-1982), an elder from Inukjuak, a community located on the shores of Hudson Bay in northwestern Nunavik.
The illustrations are by Tuumasi Kudluk (1910-1989), an artist from Kangirsuk, Nunavik, and show several scenes including the building of qamutiks (sleds), essentials for travel in the north, sled dogs, and catching fish.
Pangnirtung
Robert Frank. Pangnirtung. Steidl Publishers, 2011.
Swiss-American photographer Robert Frank visited Pangnirtung in 1992 to document various places in the community: homes, a store, the windows of buildings, and the main road through the community.
Frank does not photograph any of the residents of Pangnirtung, however, which at the time was comprised of about 1,300 Inuit.
The People’s Land: Eskimos and Whites in the Eastern Arctic
Hugh Brody The People’s Land: Eskimos and Whites in the Eastern Arctic. Penguin Books, 1975.
The People’s Land, looks at the relations between Inuit and the colonial government, fur traders, and missionaries since the late nineteenth century, which have left a lasting impact on living conditions for Inuit in the north.
Hugh Brody was a research officer with the Canadian Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development living in the communities of Pond Inlet and Sanikiluaq beginning in 1971.
Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit: What Inuit Have Always Known to Be True
Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit: What Inuit Have Always Known to Be True, edited by Joe Karetak, Frank Tester & Shirley Tagalik. Fernwood Publishing, 2017.
Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit refers to Inuit knowledge and experience that is passed on through generations. The book, which collects stories and information from several prominent Inuit elders, is a way of documenting and preserving this knowledge and also situates it within Canada’s colonial legacy.
Stories from Pangnirtung
Germaine Arnaktauyok, Stories from Pangnirtung. Hurtig Publishers, 1976.
Stories from Pangnirtung is a collection of stories as told by eleven elders from Pangnirtung. Their memories, translated from Inuktitut, of home, the land, and their way of life were recounted as a means of documenting Inuit culture for younger generations.
Stuart M. Hodgson was the commissioner of the Northwest Territories from 1967-1979. The book is illustrated by Germaine Arnaktauyok an artist and writer from Igloolik.
Kasudluak Encyclopedia
Peter Kasudluak, Kasudluak Encyclopedia, vol.2. Avataq Cultural Institute, 2001.
An illustrated encyclopedia of Inuit life and cultural traditions written in Inuktitut. The encyclopedia is based on the notebooks of Peter Kasudluak (1906-1982), an elder from Inukjuak, a community located on the shores of Hudson Bay in northwestern Nunavik.
The illustrations are by Tuumasi Kudluk (1910-1989), an artist from Kangirsuk, Nunavik showing common hunting tools, sea ice travel and navigation, hunting scenes, and types of skin clothing.
Inuit Perspectives on the 20th Century: Surviving and Travelling on Our Land
George Agiaq Kappianaq and Cornelius Nutaraq.Inuit Perspectives on the 20th Century: Surviving and Travelling on Our Land, edited by Jarich Oosten and Frédéric B. Laugrand. Nunavut Arctic College, 2001.
Two elders, George Agiaq Kappianaq and Cornelius Nutaraq, describe how Inuit would travel and live in the north prior to the arrival of settlers from the south and subsequent development of permanent settlements.Centuries of Inuit traditions and practices emerged from interactions between nomadic groups as they travelled across vast territory. The transition to permanent settlements has therefore profoundly affected the tradition of these nomadic interactions.
TUMIVUT 4: Environment – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit
TUMIVUT 4: Environment – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit. Avataq Cultural Institute, 1993.
TUMIVUT was a trilingual magazine published between 1990-2019 that shared stories of Inuit culture, language and living in Nunavik, as well as documentation of historical photos, drawings, genealogies, and maps from the region.
This issue focuses on Inuit and their environment and presents stories of the Inuit seasons, wind, the sky of Nunavik and beliefs of celestial phenomena that have informed how Nunavummiut have lived on the land for centuries.
TUMIVUT 6: Birds – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit
TUMIVUT 6: Birds – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit. Avataq Cultural Institute, 1995.
TUMIVUT was a trilingual magazine published between 1990-2019 that shared stories of Inuit culture, language and living in Nunavik, as well as documentation of historical photos, drawings, genealogies, and maps from the region.
This issue provides a detailed documentation of Inuit knowledge through a series of stories and illustrations of the birds of Nunavik, which range from old Inuit legends of birds to bird anatomy and hunting.
The Meaning of Ice: People and sea ice in three Arctic communities
The Meaning of Ice: People and sea ice in three Arctic communities, edited by Shari Fox Gearhead, Lene Kielsen Holm, Henry Huntington, Joe Mello Leavitt, Andrew R. Mahoney, Margaret Opie, Toku Oshima, and Joelie Sanguya. University Press of New England, 2013.
Through a collaboration with Inuit elders, hunters and other community members from across Inuit Nunangat, The Meaning of Ice illustrates how sea ice embodies the meaning home through stories of its familiarity, abundance and temporality.
TUMIVUT 12: Qimmiit – Eskimo Dogs – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit
TUMIVUT 12: Qimmiit – Eskimo Dogs – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit. Avataq Cultural Institute, 2000.
TUMIVUT was a trilingual magazine published between 1990-2019 that shared stories of Inuit culture, language and living in Nunavik, as well as documentation of historical photos, drawings, genealogies, and maps from the region.
This issue is dedicated to stories of hunting dogs, which were a crucial part of Inuit life and survival in the north for centuries. Stories of dog teams navigating across sea ice between camps, locating new hunting grounds, and finding prey show how dogs were heavily relied upon by hunters.
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, Vol. 18, No.2
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, vol. 18, no.2., editor Aimee Chaulk. Blackmore Printing, 1993.
This edition of Them Days published in Happy-Valley Goose Bay, Labrador contains various memories of caribou and seal hunting, trapping, holidays and travel throughout Labrador.
Front cover: Portrait of Inuk, 1929. Courtesy Papers of W.T. Grenfell Medical Library – Yale.
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, Vol. 20, No.4
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, vol. 20, no.4., editor Aimee Chaulk. Blackmore Printing, 1995.
This edition of Them Days published in Happy-Valley Goose Bay, Labrador contains stories from the communities of Nain, Hopedale and elsewhere in Labrador that speak to the connection between the people, the land, and the history of Labrador.
Front cover: Miriam and Rose, Nain. Courtesy Dorothy Smith.
TUMIVUT 8: Salluit – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit
TUMIVUT 8: Salluit – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit. Avataq Cultural Institute, 1996.
TUMIVUT was a trilingual magazine published between 1990-2019 that shared stories of Inuit culture, language and living in Nunavik, as well as documentation of historical photos, drawings, genealogies, and maps from the region.
This issue is dedicated to the history of the community of Salluit in the northernmost region of Nunavik as told by its residents and elders. Contributions to this issue have also been made by the community’s hunters whose knowledge of hunting and surviving on sea ice also provide insight into contemporary life in Salluit.
Low Cost Housing: A Guide to Northern Housing for Eskimos
Low Cost Housing: A Guide to Northern Housing for Eskimos. Department of Northern Affairs & National Resources, 1965.
This document outlines the program for low-cost housing for Inuit in what was then the Northwest Territories designed and administered by the Northern Administration Branch of the Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources.
The program identifies the unique circumstances of designing for extreme northern climates while outlining an intent to implement significant cost-cutting measures to provide housing far below the southern Canadian standard of the time. This is in accordance with the overall philosophy of housing administrators at the time.
Rigid Frame house under construction, Iqaluit, 1959.
(Credit: Indian and Northern Health Services)
Rigid Frame houses, Iqaluit, Nunavut, 1959.
(Credit: Indian and Northern Health
Services)
Rigid Frame houses, Cape Dorset, 1961.
(Credit: Archives Canada)
Inuit Housing at Iqaluit, Nunavut, 1956.
(Credit: Archives Canada)
Igluliuqatigiilauqta-Let’s Build a Home Together
Igluliuqatigiilauqta-Let’s Build a Home Together. Nunavut Housing Corporation, 2013.
This document, prepared in 2013 by the Nunavut Housing Corporation (NHC), is a framework to address the Government of Nunavut’s Long-term Comprehensive Housing and Homelessness Strategy. It presents the GN’s overarching vision to tackle Nunavut’s severe housing crisis, which includes increasing affordable, supportive, and accessible housing and reducing Nunavut’s core housing need.
This framework would later inform the Blueprint for Action on Housing (2017) and Nunavut 3000 (2022), which constitute the GN’s primary strategies for addressing the current housing crisis as of today.
You and Your Home: A Tenant’s Handbook
You and Your Home: A Tenant’s Handbook. Nunavut Housing Corporation, 2004.
A handbook for tenants in Nunavut distributed by the Nunavut Housing Corporation (NHC) in 2004. The handbook was intended to educate individuals and families on their responsibilities as tenets for the payments and maintenance of public housing units and general tips to adopt southern ways of living.
Nunavut 3000: Igluliuqatigiingniq-Building houses together
Nunavut 3000: Igluliuqatigiingniq-Building houses together. Nunavut Housing Corporation, 2022.
The Government of Nunavut launched Nunavut 3000 in October 2022. It is the latest plan presented by the Nunavut Housing Corporation (NHC) to address Nunavut’s housing crisis by increasing housing supply by 3000 units by 2030. This would include public, affordable, and private market housing.
The NHC plans to release annual progress updates towards their goal of 3000 units by 2030.
Evolution of Northern Housing Policy
Carter, Tom. Evolution of Northern Housing Policy. The University of Winnipeg, Institute of Urban Studies, 1993.
Carter, a professor of the Department of Geography at The University of Winnipeg, provides an overview of northern housing policy evolution from the period of 1930 to the 1990s through key themes and trends that characterized government approaches to housing policy throughout each decade. Discussions include the unique housing needs in the north, consideration of regional and local needs, self-build practices, and shifts in government funding.
The Road to Nunavut: The Progress of the Eastern Arctic Inuit since the Second World War
Duffy, R. Quinn. The Road to Nunavut: The Progress of the Eastern Arctic Inuit since the Second World War. McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1998.
The Road to Nunavut describes the transformations and challenges that arose in the eastern Canadian arctic with regard to housing, education, political organization, and employment for Inuit following the involvement of the Canadian government in the north after World War II. The book details the struggles for Inuit self-determination, the establishment of the Inuit Tapirisat of Canada and other Inuit organizations, and ongoing pressures for land claims agreements between Inuit and the Canadian government.
Claiming Nunavut: 1971-1999
Mercer, Stephen A. Claiming Nunavut: 1971-1999. Trafford Publishing, 2008.
Mercer details the decades-long journey Inuit leaders undertook to negotiate the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement (NLCA), which passed through the Canadian Parliament in 1993. This process would eventually lead to the formation of Nunavut in 1999. The NLCA is the first modern day treaty to lead to the creation of a new territory and is a direct result of persistent advocacy for Inuit self-determination.
Eskimo Mortality and Housing
Eskimo Mortality and Housing . Department of National Health and Welfare, 1960.
A study by the Department of National Health and Welfare conducted over a period of five years in the late 1950s documented homes of Inuit families in the Eastern Arctic ranging from seal skin tents at camp and self-built cabins to government-supplied housing.
Through a series of photographs government researchers made deliberate observations of the living conditions of Inuit families to explain how mortality rates in the north were rising because of their lack of knowledge of shelter, sanitation, and disease in Inuit communities rather than as an effect of colonialism. This study reveals the deep-rooted discriminatory assumptions held by government officials, which would inform approaches to housing policy in the north for decades.
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk: How The North Was Lost
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk: How The North Was Lost. Edited by Peter Evans. OKalaKatiget Society, 1999.
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk was (“to whom it may concern”) was an Inuit-led periodical published in Labrador from 1972 to 2003 and presented in both English and Inuktitut.
This issue from fall 1999 is about the people of Hebron and Nutak from the Nunatsiavut region (Labrador) who were forcibly resettled between 1956-1959 by the Canadian government and church missionaries. The stories in this issue emerged from interviews with those who experienced these relocations, many as children, and who now reside Nain, Hopedale, Makkovik, and Happy Valley-Goose Bay. These stories reveal the profound effect these eviction policies had on the Inuit of Nunatsiavut and how the loss of connection to the land and traditional food impeded Inuit ways of life.
Federal Housing Advocate’s Observational Report: Inuit Housing
Federal Housing Advocate’s Observational Report: Inuit HousingCanadian Human Rights Comission, 2022.
The Federal Housing Advocate visited Nunatsiavut (Labrador) and Nunavut in October 2022 to observe housing conditions and listen to community members’ experiences regarding the severe housing challenges in Inuit Nunangat.
The conclusions of the report determine that the right to housing for Inuit is being violated in these communities and that the Federal, Provincial, and Territorial Governments have failed to uphold this right.
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk. Edited by Peter Evans. OKalaKatiget Society, 1999.
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk was (“to whom it may concern”) was an Inuit-led periodical published in Labrador from 1972 to 2003 and presented in both English and Inuktitut.
This issue from winter 1999 follows the housing shortage in Nain and Hopedale. KI interviews several residents from the community who describe the cramped living conditions of extended families living in small houses, housing that desperately needs repairs, and the lack of adequate water and sewer systems. Families also describe extreme housing wait lists and the unattainable rental costs for housing provided by the Newfoundland and Labrador Housing Corporation (NLHC).
We Can Do Better: Housing in Inuit Nunangat
We Can Do Better: Housing in Inuit Nunangat. Senate Standing Committee on Aboriginal Peoples, 2017.
This report by the Senate Standing Committee on Aboriginal Peoples highlights the growing housing challenges including severe overcrowding and lack of affordable housing across Inuit Nunangat.
Included in the report are recommendations for action on housing informed by over 50 witness testimonies made before the senate committee from members of Inuit government, community members, housing authorities, and others between February and June 2016.
Nunavut Housing Requirements, Needs and Demands to 2016
Nunavut Housing Requirements, Needs and Demands to 2016. Bayswater Consulting Group Inc., 2005.
The Government of Nunavut and Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. starting in the spring of 2003 developed a comprehensive ten-year housing action plan to address housing needs in Nunavut. The report, which was released in March 2005, aimed to highlight the current social and physical housing needs across the region while also projecting future housing needs up to 2016.
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk. Edited by Fran Williams (Inuktitut) and Michael Johansen (English). OKalaKatiget Society, 1993.
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk was (“to whom it may concern”) was an Inuit-led periodical published in Labrador from 1972 to 2003 and presented in both English and Inuktitut.
This issue from fall 1993 looks at housing problems on the north coast of Labrador. Johansen interviews families in Nain living in extreme overcrowded conditions, some living with over ten other family members. That year the Torngat Regional Housing Association would receive 97 applications for new housing and 12 were planned to be built. Johansen notes that federal funding for repairs and construction would be capped in January 1994.
The Second Promise
Armstrong, Joshua. The Second Promise. Blurb, 2012.
Armstrong examines several northern communities through a documentation of a characteristic practice of informal self-building through which a form of self-determination is established. These territories, which Armstrong refers to as Shacklands, present a kind of post-colonial space that emerges through architectural agency.
Prefabrication in Northern Housing
Platts, R.E. Prefabrication in Northern Housing. National Research Council Canada, Division of Building Research, 1960.
The National Research Council released a report in November 1960 that discussed the importance of prefabrication to the provision of northern housing. Information provided by southern manufacturers of prefabricated housing is presented in the report as guidance to government planners.
Northern Housing Guidelines & Standards
Northern Housing Guidelines & Standards. Public Works Canada, 1984.
Public Works Canada released this two-part report on their recommended guidelines and standards for housing design in the Yukon and Northwest Territories. It serves as a technical report describing acceptable design standards for northern design and construction including space requirements, foundations, and assemblies. No acknowledgement is made of local technical or design knowledge from local residents or Inuit.
Uqalurait: An Oral History of Nunavut
Bennett, John and Rowley, Susan. Uqalurait: An Oral History of Nunavut. McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2008.
Uqalurait is a compilation of accounts of Inuit life in the region that is now Nunavut as told through oral histories from over three hundred Inuit elders. Their accounts of Inuit architecture illustrate a long history of how Inuit interacted with the landscape to build homes, caches, camps, and physical markers on the land from traditional building materials including sod, stone, bone and skin.
TUMIVUT 11: Quaqtaq – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit
TUMIVUT 11: Quaqtaq – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit. Avataq Cultural Institute, 1999.
TUMIVUT was a trilingual magazine published between 1990-2019 that shared stories of Inuit culture, language and living in Nunavik, as well as documentation of historical photos, drawings, genealogies, and maps from the region.
This issue focuses on stories from the Quaqtaq area of Nunavik, which range from caribou hunting memories to stories and maps of camp.
Bare Poles: Building design for high latitudes
Strub, Harold. Bare Poles: Building design for high latitudes. McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1996.
In Bare Poles Strub presents both knowledge and questions for architects, builders and planners working in high latitudes. This includes a necessary understanding of both the extreme environmental and unique social contexts of remote Arctic communities.
Patterns of Housekeeping in Two Eskimo Settlements
Thompson, Charles Thomas. Patterns of Housekeeping in Two Eskimo Settlements. Northern Science Research Group: Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, 1969.
Thompson, a social science field worker with the Northern Science Research Group, studied the daily life of Inuit in the communities of Frobisher Bay (Iqaluit), Baker Lake, and Cape Dorset where he conducted interviews with families between August 1967 and July 1968. The aim of this study was to understand how social relations and traditional Inuit ways of life were impacted by the implementation of the Northern Housing Program by the Canadian Government in 1965.
An Examination of the Use of Domestic Space by Inuit Families Living in Arviat, Nunavut
Dawson, Peter C. An Examination of the Use of Domestic Space by Inuit Families Living in Arviat, Nunavut. CMHC External Research Program, 2003.
Dawson conducted ethnographic fieldwork in Arviat, Nunavut during the summer of 2002 and recorded differences in the patterns of domestic activities in Inuit households and those of southern Euro-Canadian families. Conclusions from these observations revealed the incompatibility of traditional forms of Inuit domestic life and the architecture of government supplied housing in the north since the 1960s.
TUMIVUT 2: Games – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit
TUMIVUT 2: Games – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit. Avataq Cultural Institute, 1991.
TUMIVUT was a trilingual magazine published between 1990-2019 that shared stories of Inuit culture, language and living in Nunavik, as well as documentation of historical photos, drawings, genealogies, and maps from the region.
This issue looks at Inuit games and provides a window into the idea of leisure in Inuit communities. These games include various children’s games, bone games, contests and ajuttaq (soccer).
TUMIVUT 7: Inukjuaq – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit
TUMIVUT 7: Inukjuaq – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit. Avataq Cultural Institute, 1995.
TUMIVUT was a trilingual magazine published between 1990-2019 that shared stories of Inuit culture, language and living in Nunavik, as well as documentation of historical photos, drawings, genealogies, and maps from the region.
This issue contains stories from Inujjuamiut who originate from a wide region ranging from Sanikiluaq near the lower Hudson Bay coast up to Puvirnituq and across to Ungava Bay. Stories are told by elders who currently reside in Inukjuak, but their memories span this vast region.
Eskimo Housing As Planned Culture Change
Thomas, D.K. and Thompson, C.T. Eskimo Housing As Planned Culture Change. Northern Science Research Group: Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, 1972.
Thomas and Thompson, researchers from the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, conducted fieldwork in Nunavut between 1967 to 1970 to assess the results of government housing programs beginning in 1959. Based on this fieldwork, the authors of this report present a critique those aspects of these programs which aimed to implement social change in these communities through housing design and adult education programs.
Walled In: Arctic Housing and a Sociology of Walls
Van Den Scott, Lisa-Jo K. Walled In: Arctic Housing and a Sociology of Walls. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2024.
Van den Scott presents an ethnographic examination of walls and their physical, cultural, and sociological function as imposed domestic space in Arviat, Nunavut. Through acts of agency in these spaces, the walls of the home are revealed to be a site for identity production for Arviammiut.
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, Nunatsiavut 10th Anniversary Issue
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, Nunatsiavut 10th Anniversary Issue, editor Aimee Chaulk. Blackmore Printing, 2015.
This special edition of Them Days published in Happy-Valley Goose Bay, Labrador journeys through the history of Nunatsiavut’s road to self-government as told through the stories of people from across Nunatsiavut from Hebron in the north to Rigolet in the south.
Front cover: Jerry Tuglavina and Katie Kalleo. Hebron, 1950s. Hannie (Hettasch) Fitzgerald collection.
Nunavut Ten-Year Inuit Housing Action Plan
Nunavut Ten-Year Inuit Housing Action Plan. The Government of Nunavut (Nunavut Housing Corporation and Nunavut Tunngavik Inc., 2004.
This proposal to the Canadian Government by Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated (NTI) and the Government of Nunavut calls for urgent intervention on the part of the federal government to address the escalating housing crisis in Nunavut as is required under the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement.
The report identifies the necessity of a partnership between each level of government and NTI to establish a long-term plan to provide shelter for all Inuit on par with the rest of Canada.
Inuit Nunangat Housing Strategy
Inuit Nunangat Housing Strategy. Inuit-Crown Partnership Committee, 2019.
The Inuit Nunangat Housing Strategy is a plan to address Inuit housing needs co-developed by Inuit representatives of NTI and the Government of Canada through the Inuit-Crown Partnership Committee.
The approach of the strategy emphasizes the direct role of Inuit organizations in addressing housing needs in Inuit Nunangat such that solutions to the housing crisis reflect Inuit ways of life.
A Place Called Nunavut: Multiple identities for a new region
Van Dam, Kim. A Place Called Nunavut: Multiple identities for a new region. Barkhuis, 2008.
Van Dam looks at the various identities ascribed to Nunavut since its formation in 1999 with an awareness of the countless external and internal actors that produce these, often hybrid, identities and those Inuit identities which constitute the Inuit Homeland.
Inuit Nunangat Housing Strategy: Implementation Plan
Inuit Nunangat Housing Strategy: Implementation Plan . Inuit-Crown Partnership Committee, 2022.
Following the publication of the Inuit Nunangat Housing Strategy in 2019 by the Inuit-Crown Partnership Committee, an implementation plan was developed by the committee to outline detailed actions to deliver the results of the strategy. This includes specific roles and responsibilities of all groups involved including the direct role of Inuit organizations as primary partners in all aspects of the plan.
National Housing Strategy Submission
National Housing Strategy Submission. Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, 2016.
Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ITK) is the national representational organization for Canada’s Inuit whose mandate is formed by the various land claims agreements in Inuit Nunangat.
This submission to the Government of Canada’s National Housing Strategy consultations called on the federal government to prioritize improving housing in Inuit Nunangat through engagement with Inuit land claims organizations.
Nunavut Inuit Housing Action Plan - Angirratsaliulauqta
Nunavut Inuit Housing Action Plan - Angirratsaliulauqta . Nunavut Tunngavik Inc., 2022.
Building on the vision outlined in the 2019 Inuit Nunangat Housing Strategy, the Nunavut Inuit Housing Action Plan – Angirratsaliulauqta is the first Inuit-led action plan to address Nunavut’s housing crisis. A key objective of the plan was to establish a new Inuit-led housing entity to implement the plan’s objectives and advocate for better living conditions for Inuit.
Do you need help with housing?
”Do you need help with housing?” in Kinatuinamot Illengajuk Magazine, Spring 1993 , OKâlaKatiget Society, 1993.
An advertisment for housing assistance by the Newfoundland and Labrador Housing Corporation appears in the spring 1993 issue of Kinatuinamot Illengajuk Magazine. Since 1967 the NLHC has been responsible for the provision of housing in the region. The ad includes Inuktitut and Innu translations.
Nuvisavik: The Place Where We Weave
Nuvisavik: The Place Where We Weave, edited by Maria Von Finkenstein. University of Washington Press, 2002.
Nuvisavik portrays scenes of life as illustrated by a group of women from Pangnirtung in 1970 through woven tapestries. Imagery of life at camp and of being on the land show multiple ideas of home in the north and how they are changing in the eyes of these artists and elders.
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, Vol. 34, No.4
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, vol. 34, no.4., editor Aimee Chaulk. Blackmore Printing, 2010.
This edition of Them Days published in Happy-Valley Goose Bay, Labrador contains interviews and stories recounted by residents of Nain, Labrador about the relationship between the Inuktitut language and how Inuit view their identity, culture, history, and connection to the land.
Front cover: Inuk woman with toddler in sealskin coat. Okak, c. 1900. Dorothy Smith collection.
Kasudluak Encyclopedia
Peter Kasudluak, Kasudluak Encyclopedia, vol.1. Avataq Cultural Institute, 1999.
An illustrated encyclopedia of Inuit life and cultural traditions written in Inuktitut. The encyclopedia is based on the notebooks of Peter Kasudluak (1906-1982), an elder from Inukjuak, a community located on the shores of Hudson Bay in northwestern Nunavik.
The illustrations are by Tuumasi Kudluk (1910-1989), an artist from Kangirsuk, Nunavik, and show several scenes including the building of qamutiks (sleds), essentials for travel in the north, sled dogs, and catching fish.
Pangnirtung
Robert Frank. Pangnirtung. Steidl Publishers, 2011.
Swiss-American photographer Robert Frank visited Pangnirtung in 1992 to document various places in the community: homes, a store, the windows of buildings, and the main road through the community.
Frank does not photograph any of the residents of Pangnirtung, however, which at the time was comprised of about 1,300 Inuit.
The People’s Land: Eskimos and Whites in the Eastern Arctic
Hugh Brody The People’s Land: Eskimos and Whites in the Eastern Arctic. Penguin Books, 1975.
The People’s Land, looks at the relations between Inuit and the colonial government, fur traders, and missionaries since the late nineteenth century, which have left a lasting impact on living conditions for Inuit in the north.
Hugh Brody was a research officer with the Canadian Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development living in the communities of Pond Inlet and Sanikiluaq beginning in 1971.
Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit: What Inuit Have Always Known to Be True
Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit: What Inuit Have Always Known to Be True, edited by Joe Karetak, Frank Tester & Shirley Tagalik. Fernwood Publishing, 2017.
Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit refers to Inuit knowledge and experience that is passed on through generations. The book, which collects stories and information from several prominent Inuit elders, is a way of documenting and preserving this knowledge and also situates it within Canada’s colonial legacy.
Stories from Pangnirtung
Germaine Arnaktauyok, Stories from Pangnirtung. Hurtig Publishers, 1976.
Stories from Pangnirtung is a collection of stories as told by eleven elders from Pangnirtung. Their memories, translated from Inuktitut, of home, the land, and their way of life were recounted as a means of documenting Inuit culture for younger generations.
Stuart M. Hodgson was the commissioner of the Northwest Territories from 1967-1979. The book is illustrated by Germaine Arnaktauyok an artist and writer from Igloolik.
Kasudluak Encyclopedia
Peter Kasudluak, Kasudluak Encyclopedia, vol.2. Avataq Cultural Institute, 2001.
An illustrated encyclopedia of Inuit life and cultural traditions written in Inuktitut. The encyclopedia is based on the notebooks of Peter Kasudluak (1906-1982), an elder from Inukjuak, a community located on the shores of Hudson Bay in northwestern Nunavik.
The illustrations are by Tuumasi Kudluk (1910-1989), an artist from Kangirsuk, Nunavik showing common hunting tools, sea ice travel and navigation, hunting scenes, and types of skin clothing.
Inuit Perspectives on the 20th Century: Surviving and Travelling on Our Land
George Agiaq Kappianaq and Cornelius Nutaraq.Inuit Perspectives on the 20th Century: Surviving and Travelling on Our Land, edited by Jarich Oosten and Frédéric B. Laugrand. Nunavut Arctic College, 2001.
Two elders, George Agiaq Kappianaq and Cornelius Nutaraq, describe how Inuit would travel and live in the north prior to the arrival of settlers from the south and subsequent development of permanent settlements.Centuries of Inuit traditions and practices emerged from interactions between nomadic groups as they travelled across vast territory. The transition to permanent settlements has therefore profoundly affected the tradition of these nomadic interactions.
TUMIVUT 4: Environment – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit
TUMIVUT 4: Environment – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit. Avataq Cultural Institute, 1993.
TUMIVUT was a trilingual magazine published between 1990-2019 that shared stories of Inuit culture, language and living in Nunavik, as well as documentation of historical photos, drawings, genealogies, and maps from the region.
This issue focuses on Inuit and their environment and presents stories of the Inuit seasons, wind, the sky of Nunavik and beliefs of celestial phenomena that have informed how Nunavummiut have lived on the land for centuries.
TUMIVUT 6: Birds – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit
TUMIVUT 6: Birds – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit. Avataq Cultural Institute, 1995.
TUMIVUT was a trilingual magazine published between 1990-2019 that shared stories of Inuit culture, language and living in Nunavik, as well as documentation of historical photos, drawings, genealogies, and maps from the region.
This issue provides a detailed documentation of Inuit knowledge through a series of stories and illustrations of the birds of Nunavik, which range from old Inuit legends of birds to bird anatomy and hunting.
The Meaning of Ice: People and sea ice in three Arctic communities
The Meaning of Ice: People and sea ice in three Arctic communities, edited by Shari Fox Gearhead, Lene Kielsen Holm, Henry Huntington, Joe Mello Leavitt, Andrew R. Mahoney, Margaret Opie, Toku Oshima, and Joelie Sanguya. University Press of New England, 2013.
Through a collaboration with Inuit elders, hunters and other community members from across Inuit Nunangat, The Meaning of Ice illustrates how sea ice embodies the meaning home through stories of its familiarity, abundance and temporality.
TUMIVUT 12: Qimmiit – Eskimo Dogs – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit
TUMIVUT 12: Qimmiit – Eskimo Dogs – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit. Avataq Cultural Institute, 2000.
TUMIVUT was a trilingual magazine published between 1990-2019 that shared stories of Inuit culture, language and living in Nunavik, as well as documentation of historical photos, drawings, genealogies, and maps from the region.
This issue is dedicated to stories of hunting dogs, which were a crucial part of Inuit life and survival in the north for centuries. Stories of dog teams navigating across sea ice between camps, locating new hunting grounds, and finding prey show how dogs were heavily relied upon by hunters.
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, Vol. 18, No.2
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, vol. 18, no.2., editor Aimee Chaulk. Blackmore Printing, 1993.
This edition of Them Days published in Happy-Valley Goose Bay, Labrador contains various memories of caribou and seal hunting, trapping, holidays and travel throughout Labrador.
Front cover: Portrait of Inuk, 1929. Courtesy Papers of W.T. Grenfell Medical Library – Yale.
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, Vol. 20, No.4
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, vol. 20, no.4., editor Aimee Chaulk. Blackmore Printing, 1995.
This edition of Them Days published in Happy-Valley Goose Bay, Labrador contains stories from the communities of Nain, Hopedale and elsewhere in Labrador that speak to the connection between the people, the land, and the history of Labrador.
Front cover: Miriam and Rose, Nain. Courtesy Dorothy Smith.
TUMIVUT 8: Salluit – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit
TUMIVUT 8: Salluit – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit. Avataq Cultural Institute, 1996.
TUMIVUT was a trilingual magazine published between 1990-2019 that shared stories of Inuit culture, language and living in Nunavik, as well as documentation of historical photos, drawings, genealogies, and maps from the region.
This issue is dedicated to the history of the community of Salluit in the northernmost region of Nunavik as told by its residents and elders. Contributions to this issue have also been made by the community’s hunters whose knowledge of hunting and surviving on sea ice also provide insight into contemporary life in Salluit.
Low Cost Housing: A Guide to Northern Housing for Eskimos
Low Cost Housing: A Guide to Northern Housing for Eskimos. Department of Northern Affairs & National Resources, 1965.
This document outlines the program for low-cost housing for Inuit in what was then the Northwest Territories designed and administered by the Northern Administration Branch of the Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources.
The program identifies the unique circumstances of designing for extreme northern climates while outlining an intent to implement significant cost-cutting measures to provide housing far below the southern Canadian standard of the time. This is in accordance with the overall philosophy of housing administrators at the time.
Rigid Frame house under construction, Iqaluit, 1959.
(Credit: Indian and Northern Health Services)
Rigid Frame houses, Iqaluit, Nunavut, 1959.
(Credit: Indian and Northern Health
Services)
Rigid Frame houses, Cape Dorset, 1961.
(Credit: Archives Canada)
Inuit Housing at Iqaluit, Nunavut, 1956.
(Credit: Archives Canada)
Igluliuqatigiilauqta-Let’s Build a Home Together
Igluliuqatigiilauqta-Let’s Build a Home Together. Nunavut Housing Corporation, 2013.
This document, prepared in 2013 by the Nunavut Housing Corporation (NHC), is a framework to address the Government of Nunavut’s Long-term Comprehensive Housing and Homelessness Strategy. It presents the GN’s overarching vision to tackle Nunavut’s severe housing crisis, which includes increasing affordable, supportive, and accessible housing and reducing Nunavut’s core housing need.
This framework would later inform the Blueprint for Action on Housing (2017) and Nunavut 3000 (2022), which constitute the GN’s primary strategies for addressing the current housing crisis as of today.
You and Your Home: A Tenant’s Handbook
You and Your Home: A Tenant’s Handbook. Nunavut Housing Corporation, 2004.
A handbook for tenants in Nunavut distributed by the Nunavut Housing Corporation (NHC) in 2004. The handbook was intended to educate individuals and families on their responsibilities as tenets for the payments and maintenance of public housing units and general tips to adopt southern ways of living.
Nunavut 3000: Igluliuqatigiingniq-Building houses together
Nunavut 3000: Igluliuqatigiingniq-Building houses together. Nunavut Housing Corporation, 2022.
The Government of Nunavut launched Nunavut 3000 in October 2022. It is the latest plan presented by the Nunavut Housing Corporation (NHC) to address Nunavut’s housing crisis by increasing housing supply by 3000 units by 2030. This would include public, affordable, and private market housing.
The NHC plans to release annual progress updates towards their goal of 3000 units by 2030.
Evolution of Northern Housing Policy
Carter, Tom. Evolution of Northern Housing Policy. The University of Winnipeg, Institute of Urban Studies, 1993.
Carter, a professor of the Department of Geography at The University of Winnipeg, provides an overview of northern housing policy evolution from the period of 1930 to the 1990s through key themes and trends that characterized government approaches to housing policy throughout each decade. Discussions include the unique housing needs in the north, consideration of regional and local needs, self-build practices, and shifts in government funding.
The Road to Nunavut: The Progress of the Eastern Arctic Inuit since the Second World War
Duffy, R. Quinn. The Road to Nunavut: The Progress of the Eastern Arctic Inuit since the Second World War. McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1998.
The Road to Nunavut describes the transformations and challenges that arose in the eastern Canadian arctic with regard to housing, education, political organization, and employment for Inuit following the involvement of the Canadian government in the north after World War II. The book details the struggles for Inuit self-determination, the establishment of the Inuit Tapirisat of Canada and other Inuit organizations, and ongoing pressures for land claims agreements between Inuit and the Canadian government.
Claiming Nunavut: 1971-1999
Mercer, Stephen A. Claiming Nunavut: 1971-1999. Trafford Publishing, 2008.
Mercer details the decades-long journey Inuit leaders undertook to negotiate the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement (NLCA), which passed through the Canadian Parliament in 1993. This process would eventually lead to the formation of Nunavut in 1999. The NLCA is the first modern day treaty to lead to the creation of a new territory and is a direct result of persistent advocacy for Inuit self-determination.
Eskimo Mortality and Housing
Eskimo Mortality and Housing . Department of National Health and Welfare, 1960.
A study by the Department of National Health and Welfare conducted over a period of five years in the late 1950s documented homes of Inuit families in the Eastern Arctic ranging from seal skin tents at camp and self-built cabins to government-supplied housing.
Through a series of photographs government researchers made deliberate observations of the living conditions of Inuit families to explain how mortality rates in the north were rising because of their lack of knowledge of shelter, sanitation, and disease in Inuit communities rather than as an effect of colonialism. This study reveals the deep-rooted discriminatory assumptions held by government officials, which would inform approaches to housing policy in the north for decades.
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk: How The North Was Lost
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk: How The North Was Lost. Edited by Peter Evans. OKalaKatiget Society, 1999.
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk was (“to whom it may concern”) was an Inuit-led periodical published in Labrador from 1972 to 2003 and presented in both English and Inuktitut.
This issue from fall 1999 is about the people of Hebron and Nutak from the Nunatsiavut region (Labrador) who were forcibly resettled between 1956-1959 by the Canadian government and church missionaries. The stories in this issue emerged from interviews with those who experienced these relocations, many as children, and who now reside Nain, Hopedale, Makkovik, and Happy Valley-Goose Bay. These stories reveal the profound effect these eviction policies had on the Inuit of Nunatsiavut and how the loss of connection to the land and traditional food impeded Inuit ways of life.
Federal Housing Advocate’s Observational Report: Inuit Housing
Federal Housing Advocate’s Observational Report: Inuit HousingCanadian Human Rights Comission, 2022.
The Federal Housing Advocate visited Nunatsiavut (Labrador) and Nunavut in October 2022 to observe housing conditions and listen to community members’ experiences regarding the severe housing challenges in Inuit Nunangat.
The conclusions of the report determine that the right to housing for Inuit is being violated in these communities and that the Federal, Provincial, and Territorial Governments have failed to uphold this right.
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk. Edited by Peter Evans. OKalaKatiget Society, 1999.
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk was (“to whom it may concern”) was an Inuit-led periodical published in Labrador from 1972 to 2003 and presented in both English and Inuktitut.
This issue from winter 1999 follows the housing shortage in Nain and Hopedale. KI interviews several residents from the community who describe the cramped living conditions of extended families living in small houses, housing that desperately needs repairs, and the lack of adequate water and sewer systems. Families also describe extreme housing wait lists and the unattainable rental costs for housing provided by the Newfoundland and Labrador Housing Corporation (NLHC).
We Can Do Better: Housing in Inuit Nunangat
We Can Do Better: Housing in Inuit Nunangat. Senate Standing Committee on Aboriginal Peoples, 2017.
This report by the Senate Standing Committee on Aboriginal Peoples highlights the growing housing challenges including severe overcrowding and lack of affordable housing across Inuit Nunangat.
Included in the report are recommendations for action on housing informed by over 50 witness testimonies made before the senate committee from members of Inuit government, community members, housing authorities, and others between February and June 2016.
Nunavut Housing Requirements, Needs and Demands to 2016
Nunavut Housing Requirements, Needs and Demands to 2016. Bayswater Consulting Group Inc., 2005.
The Government of Nunavut and Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. starting in the spring of 2003 developed a comprehensive ten-year housing action plan to address housing needs in Nunavut. The report, which was released in March 2005, aimed to highlight the current social and physical housing needs across the region while also projecting future housing needs up to 2016.
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk. Edited by Fran Williams (Inuktitut) and Michael Johansen (English). OKalaKatiget Society, 1993.
Kinatuinamut Ilingajuk was (“to whom it may concern”) was an Inuit-led periodical published in Labrador from 1972 to 2003 and presented in both English and Inuktitut.
This issue from fall 1993 looks at housing problems on the north coast of Labrador. Johansen interviews families in Nain living in extreme overcrowded conditions, some living with over ten other family members. That year the Torngat Regional Housing Association would receive 97 applications for new housing and 12 were planned to be built. Johansen notes that federal funding for repairs and construction would be capped in January 1994.
The Second Promise
Armstrong, Joshua. The Second Promise. Blurb, 2012.
Armstrong examines several northern communities through a documentation of a characteristic practice of informal self-building through which a form of self-determination is established. These territories, which Armstrong refers to as Shacklands, present a kind of post-colonial space that emerges through architectural agency.
Prefabrication in Northern Housing
Platts, R.E. Prefabrication in Northern Housing. National Research Council Canada, Division of Building Research, 1960.
The National Research Council released a report in November 1960 that discussed the importance of prefabrication to the provision of northern housing. Information provided by southern manufacturers of prefabricated housing is presented in the report as guidance to government planners.
Northern Housing Guidelines & Standards
Northern Housing Guidelines & Standards. Public Works Canada, 1984.
Public Works Canada released this two-part report on their recommended guidelines and standards for housing design in the Yukon and Northwest Territories. It serves as a technical report describing acceptable design standards for northern design and construction including space requirements, foundations, and assemblies. No acknowledgement is made of local technical or design knowledge from local residents or Inuit.
Uqalurait: An Oral History of Nunavut
Bennett, John and Rowley, Susan. Uqalurait: An Oral History of Nunavut. McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2008.
Uqalurait is a compilation of accounts of Inuit life in the region that is now Nunavut as told through oral histories from over three hundred Inuit elders. Their accounts of Inuit architecture illustrate a long history of how Inuit interacted with the landscape to build homes, caches, camps, and physical markers on the land from traditional building materials including sod, stone, bone and skin.
TUMIVUT 11: Quaqtaq – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit
TUMIVUT 11: Quaqtaq – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit. Avataq Cultural Institute, 1999.
TUMIVUT was a trilingual magazine published between 1990-2019 that shared stories of Inuit culture, language and living in Nunavik, as well as documentation of historical photos, drawings, genealogies, and maps from the region.
This issue focuses on stories from the Quaqtaq area of Nunavik, which range from caribou hunting memories to stories and maps of camp.
Bare Poles: Building design for high latitudes
Strub, Harold. Bare Poles: Building design for high latitudes. McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1996.
In Bare Poles Strub presents both knowledge and questions for architects, builders and planners working in high latitudes. This includes a necessary understanding of both the extreme environmental and unique social contexts of remote Arctic communities.
Patterns of Housekeeping in Two Eskimo Settlements
Thompson, Charles Thomas. Patterns of Housekeeping in Two Eskimo Settlements. Northern Science Research Group: Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, 1969.
Thompson, a social science field worker with the Northern Science Research Group, studied the daily life of Inuit in the communities of Frobisher Bay (Iqaluit), Baker Lake, and Cape Dorset where he conducted interviews with families between August 1967 and July 1968. The aim of this study was to understand how social relations and traditional Inuit ways of life were impacted by the implementation of the Northern Housing Program by the Canadian Government in 1965.
An Examination of the Use of Domestic Space by Inuit Families Living in Arviat, Nunavut
Dawson, Peter C. An Examination of the Use of Domestic Space by Inuit Families Living in Arviat, Nunavut. CMHC External Research Program, 2003.
Dawson conducted ethnographic fieldwork in Arviat, Nunavut during the summer of 2002 and recorded differences in the patterns of domestic activities in Inuit households and those of southern Euro-Canadian families. Conclusions from these observations revealed the incompatibility of traditional forms of Inuit domestic life and the architecture of government supplied housing in the north since the 1960s.
TUMIVUT 2: Games – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit
TUMIVUT 2: Games – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit. Avataq Cultural Institute, 1991.
TUMIVUT was a trilingual magazine published between 1990-2019 that shared stories of Inuit culture, language and living in Nunavik, as well as documentation of historical photos, drawings, genealogies, and maps from the region.
This issue looks at Inuit games and provides a window into the idea of leisure in Inuit communities. These games include various children’s games, bone games, contests and ajuttaq (soccer).
TUMIVUT 7: Inukjuaq – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit
TUMIVUT 7: Inukjuaq – The Cultural Magazine of the Nunavik Inuit. Avataq Cultural Institute, 1995.
TUMIVUT was a trilingual magazine published between 1990-2019 that shared stories of Inuit culture, language and living in Nunavik, as well as documentation of historical photos, drawings, genealogies, and maps from the region.
This issue contains stories from Inujjuamiut who originate from a wide region ranging from Sanikiluaq near the lower Hudson Bay coast up to Puvirnituq and across to Ungava Bay. Stories are told by elders who currently reside in Inukjuak, but their memories span this vast region.
Eskimo Housing As Planned Culture Change
Thomas, D.K. and Thompson, C.T. Eskimo Housing As Planned Culture Change. Northern Science Research Group: Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, 1972.
Thomas and Thompson, researchers from the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, conducted fieldwork in Nunavut between 1967 to 1970 to assess the results of government housing programs beginning in 1959. Based on this fieldwork, the authors of this report present a critique those aspects of these programs which aimed to implement social change in these communities through housing design and adult education programs.
Walled In: Arctic Housing and a Sociology of Walls
Van Den Scott, Lisa-Jo K. Walled In: Arctic Housing and a Sociology of Walls. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2024.
Van den Scott presents an ethnographic examination of walls and their physical, cultural, and sociological function as imposed domestic space in Arviat, Nunavut. Through acts of agency in these spaces, the walls of the home are revealed to be a site for identity production for Arviammiut.
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, Nunatsiavut 10th Anniversary Issue
Them Days: Stories of Early Labrador, Nunatsiavut 10th Anniversary Issue, editor Aimee Chaulk. Blackmore Printing, 2015.
This special edition of Them Days published in Happy-Valley Goose Bay, Labrador journeys through the history of Nunatsiavut’s road to self-government as told through the stories of people from across Nunatsiavut from Hebron in the north to Rigolet in the south.
Front cover: Jerry Tuglavina and Katie Kalleo. Hebron, 1950s. Hannie (Hettasch) Fitzgerald collection.
Nunavut Ten-Year Inuit Housing Action Plan
Nunavut Ten-Year Inuit Housing Action Plan. The Government of Nunavut (Nunavut Housing Corporation and Nunavut Tunngavik Inc., 2004.
This proposal to the Canadian Government by Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated (NTI) and the Government of Nunavut calls for urgent intervention on the part of the federal government to address the escalating housing crisis in Nunavut as is required under the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement.
The report identifies the necessity of a partnership between each level of government and NTI to establish a long-term plan to provide shelter for all Inuit on par with the rest of Canada.
Inuit Nunangat Housing Strategy
Inuit Nunangat Housing Strategy. Inuit-Crown Partnership Committee, 2019.
The Inuit Nunangat Housing Strategy is a plan to address Inuit housing needs co-developed by Inuit representatives of NTI and the Government of Canada through the Inuit-Crown Partnership Committee.
The approach of the strategy emphasizes the direct role of Inuit organizations in addressing housing needs in Inuit Nunangat such that solutions to the housing crisis reflect Inuit ways of life.
A Place Called Nunavut: Multiple identities for a new region
Van Dam, Kim. A Place Called Nunavut: Multiple identities for a new region. Barkhuis, 2008.
Van Dam looks at the various identities ascribed to Nunavut since its formation in 1999 with an awareness of the countless external and internal actors that produce these, often hybrid, identities and those Inuit identities which constitute the Inuit Homeland.
Inuit Nunangat Housing Strategy: Implementation Plan
Inuit Nunangat Housing Strategy: Implementation Plan . Inuit-Crown Partnership Committee, 2022.
Following the publication of the Inuit Nunangat Housing Strategy in 2019 by the Inuit-Crown Partnership Committee, an implementation plan was developed by the committee to outline detailed actions to deliver the results of the strategy. This includes specific roles and responsibilities of all groups involved including the direct role of Inuit organizations as primary partners in all aspects of the plan.
National Housing Strategy Submission
National Housing Strategy Submission. Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, 2016.
Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ITK) is the national representational organization for Canada’s Inuit whose mandate is formed by the various land claims agreements in Inuit Nunangat.
This submission to the Government of Canada’s National Housing Strategy consultations called on the federal government to prioritize improving housing in Inuit Nunangat through engagement with Inuit land claims organizations.
Nunavut Inuit Housing Action Plan - Angirratsaliulauqta
Nunavut Inuit Housing Action Plan - Angirratsaliulauqta . Nunavut Tunngavik Inc., 2022.
Building on the vision outlined in the 2019 Inuit Nunangat Housing Strategy, the Nunavut Inuit Housing Action Plan – Angirratsaliulauqta is the first Inuit-led action plan to address Nunavut’s housing crisis. A key objective of the plan was to establish a new Inuit-led housing entity to implement the plan’s objectives and advocate for better living conditions for Inuit.